Potential protective effect of taurine against dibromoacetonitrile-induced neurotoxicity in rats

Dibromoacetonitrile (DBAN) is a disinfection by-product of water chlorination. Epidemiological studies indicate that it might present a potential hazard to human health. The present study aimed to investigate the possible neurotoxicity of DBAN in rats and possible protection by taurine. Based on initial dose-response experiment, DBAN (60 mg/kg) was administrated orally for 7 days. DBAN administration significantly impaired behavior of rats. Further, DBAN produced significant decrease of monoamines, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamate contents, acetylcholinestrase (AChE) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities, in rat brain. On the other hand, a significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) contents and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) activity was observed. Co-administration of taurine (200 mg/kg, i.p.) with DBAN mitigated most tested parameters. In conclusion, the present study indicates that DBAN has the propensity to cause significant oxidative damage in rat brain. However, taurine has a promising role in attenuating the obtained hazardous effects of DBAN. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.