4.5 Article

Experimental exposure of eggs to polybrominated diphenyl ethers BDE-47 and BDE-99 in red-eared sliders (Trachemys scripta elegans) and snapping turtles (Chelydra serpentina) and possible species-specific differences in debromination

期刊

ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
卷 32, 期 2, 页码 393-400

出版社

WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/etc.2061

关键词

Snapping turtle; Red-eared slider; Polybrominated diphenyl ethers; Egg dosing; Transfer efficiency; Simulated maternal transfer

资金

  1. Society of Environmental Toxicology
  2. Chemistry/Procter Gamble
  3. U.S. Environmental Projection Agency STAR Graduate Fellowship Program [FP-91690301]

向作者/读者索取更多资源

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are a bioaccumulative, persistent, and toxic class of flame retardants that can potentially impact turtles in natural habitats via exposure through maternal transfer. To simulate maternal transfer in the present study, PBDE congeners BDE-47 and BDE-99 were topically applied to the eggshell and were allowed to diffuse into the egg contents of the red-eared slider (Trachemys scripta elegans) and snapping turtle (Chelydra serpentina). Eggs were topically dosed over 8 d to achieve a target concentration of 40?ng/g in the egg contents. Transfer efficiency was higher for BDE-47 than for BDE-99 in the red-eared sliders (25.8 +/- 1.9% vs 9.9 +/- 1.1%) and snapping turtles (31.3 +/- 1.6% vs 12.5 +/- 1.4%), resulting in greater BDE-47 and lower BDE-99 egg content concentrations relative to the 40?ng/g target. However, only 25.8 and 31.3% of the total BDE-47 and 9.9 and 12.5% of the total BDE-99 dose applied could be accounted for in the red-eared slider and snapping turtle egg contents, respectively. Additionally, increased BDE-47 in red-eared slider egg contents dosed with only BDE-99 indicate that BDE-99 might have been debrominated to BDE-47. The efficacy of topical dosing for administering desired embryonic exposures is clearly affected by the chemical properties of the applied compounds and was more successful for BDE-47 in both species. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2013;32:393400. (C) 2012 SETAC

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