Stable Isotope Analysis of Saline Water Samples on a Cavity Ring-down Spectroscopy Instrument

The analysis of the stable hydrogen and oxygen isotope composition of water using cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) instruments utilizing infrared absorption spectroscopy have been comprehensively tested. However, potential limitations of infrared spectroscopy for the analysis of highly saline water have not yet been evaluated, in this study, we assessed uncertainty arising from elevated salt concentrations in water analyzed on a CRDS instrument and the necessity of a correction procedure. We prepared various solutions of mixed salts and separate solutions with individual salts (NaCl, KCl, MgCl2, and CaCl2) using deionized water with a known stable isotope composition. Most of the individual salt and salt mixture solutions (some up to 340 g L-1) had delta-values within the range usual for CRDS analytical uncertainty (0.1 parts per thousand for delta O-18 and 1.0 parts per thousand for delta H-2). Results were not compromised even when the total load of salt in the vaporizer reached similar to 38.5 mg (equivalent to build up after running similar to 100 ocean water samples). Therefore, highly saline mixtures can be successfully analyzed using CRDS, except highly concentrated MgCl2 solutions, without the need for an additional correction if the vaporizer is frequently cleaned and MgCl2 concentration in water is relatively low.