期刊
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
卷 46, 期 16, 页码 8895-8902出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/es302016p
关键词
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资金
- Subsurface Science Scientific Focus Area at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Subsurface Biogeochemical Research through the Integrated Field Research Challenge Site (IFRC) at Rifle, Colorado
Stable isotope fractionations of sulfur are reported for three consecutive years of acetate-enabled uranium bioremediation at the US Department of Energy's Rifle Integrated Field Research Challenge (IFRC) site. The data show a previously undocumented decrease in the time between acetate addition and the onset of sulfate reducing conditions over subsequent amendments, from 20 days in the 2007 experiment to 4 days in the 2009 experiment. Increased sulfide concentrations were observed at the same time as delta S-34 of sulfate enrichment in the first year, but in subsequent years elevated sulfide was detected up to 15 days after increased delta S-34 of sulfate. A biogeochemical reactive transport model is developed which explicitly incorporates the stable isotopes of sulfur to simulate fractionation during the 2007 and 2008 amendments. A model based on an initially low, uniformly distributed population of sulfate reducing bacteria that grow and become spatially variable with time reproduces measured trends in solute concentration and delta S-34, capturing the change in onset of sulfate reduction in subsequent years. Our results demonstrate a previously unrecognized hysteretic effect in the spatial distribution of biomass growth during stimulated subsurface bioremediation.
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