期刊
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
卷 45, 期 12, 页码 5260-5266出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/es2007758
关键词
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资金
- National Science Foundation (NSF and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) under NSF) [EF-0830093]
- Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (CEINT)
- NSF [BES-0608646]
- EPA [R833326]
- U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
- Direct For Biological Sciences
- Div Of Biological Infrastructure [830093] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- EPA [R833326, 909171] Funding Source: Federal RePORTER
Despite the increasing use of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) in nanotechnology and their toxicity to invertebrates, the transformations and fate of Ag-NPs in the environment are poorly understood. This work focuses on the sulfidation processes of PVP-coated Ag-NPs, one of the most likely corrosion phenomena that may happen in the environment. The sulfur to Ag-NPs ratio was varied in order to control the extent of Ag-NPs transformation to silver sulfide (Ag2S). A combination of synchrotron-based X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure spectroscopy shows the increasing formation of Ag2S with an increasing sulfur to Ag-NPs ratio. TEM observations show that Ag2S forms nanobridges between the Ag-NPs leading to chain-like structures. In addition, sulfidation strongly affects surface properties of the Ag-NPs in terms of surface charge and dissolution rate. Both may affect the reactivity, transport, and toxicity of Ag-NPs in soils. In particular, the decrease of dissolution rate as a function of sulfide exposure may strongly limit Ag-NPs toxicity since released Ag+ ions are known to be a major factor in the toxicity of Ag-NPs.
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