期刊
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
卷 45, 期 19, 页码 8225-8232出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/es200779e
关键词
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资金
- BES LTER [NSF DEB-0423476]
- NSF [DBI 0640300, CBET 1058502]
- Maryland Sea Grant [SA7528085-U, NA05OAR4171042]
- Direct For Biological Sciences
- Emerging Frontiers [1108675] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Directorate For Engineering
- Div Of Chem, Bioeng, Env, & Transp Sys [1058502] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Nonpoint source nitrogen (N) pollution is a leading contributor to U.S. water quality impairments. We combined watershed N mass balances and stable isotopes to investigate fate and transport of nonpoint N in forest, agricultural, and urbanized watersheds at the Baltimore Long-Term Ecological Research site. Annual N retention was 55%, 68%, and 82% for agricultural, suburban, and forest watersheds, respectively. Analysis of delta N-15-NO3-, and delta O-18-NO3- indicated wastewater was an important nitrate source in urbanized streams during baseflow. Negative correlations between delta N-15-NO3- and delta O-18-NO3- in urban watersheds indicated mixing between atmospheric deposition and wastewater, and N source contributions changed with storm magnitude (atmospheric sources contributed similar to 50% at peak storm N loads). Positive correlations between delta N-15-NO3- and delta O-18-NO3- in watersheds suggested denitrification was removing septic system and agriculturally derived N, but N from belowground leaking sewers was less susceptible to denitrification. N transformations were also observed in a storm drain (no natural drainage network) potentially due to organic carbon inputs. Overall, nonpoint sources such as atmospheric deposition, wastewater, and fertilizer showed different susceptibility to watershed N export. There were large changes in nitrate sources as a function of runoff, and anticipating source changes in response to climate and storms will be critical for managing nonpoint N pollution.
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