期刊
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
卷 189, 期 -, 页码 18-26出版社
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2014.02.007
关键词
Aquatic community; Organophosphate; Organochlorine; Insecticide mixtures
资金
- National Science Foundation
- University of Pittsburgh's
- G. Murray McKinley Research Fund
- Sigma Xi
Natural systems are often exposed to individual insecticides or combinations of multiple insecticides. Using an additive and substitutive design, we examined how populations and communities containing >20 animal taxa are affected by four insecticides applied individually and as a mixture for 18 wks in aquatic mesocosms. The four insecticides had distinct lethal effects on the response and recovery of cladocerans, copepods, amphipods, isopods, and amphibians but not snails. The lethal effect on cladocerans and copepods induced trophic cascades that facilitated algal blooms and abiotic changes (higher pH and dissolved oxygen, but lower light transmission). Exposure to endosulfan resulted in a lag effect reducing cladocerans and spring-breeding amphibian abundance. The reduction in spring-breeding amphibian abundance led to cascading indirect effects on summer-breeding amphibians. Finally, the mixture treatment had lethal effects throughout the community that led to long-term effects on amphibian mass and unique indirect consequences on phytoplankton and abiotic variables. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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