期刊
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
卷 157, 期 8-9, 页码 2421-2427出版社
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2009.03.013
关键词
Embryo toxicity; Fluoroquinolones; Chondral damage; Vulture restaurants; Avian scavengers
资金
- Spanish Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia [CGL2007-61395/BOS]
Stabled livestock reared in housed conditions are often subjected to intensive treatments with veterinary drug, which residues may be present in livestock meat ingested by scavengers, but nothing is known about their presence in eggs of wild birds and their potential detrimental effects on breeding success. We searched for residues of veterinary drugs and other toxicants in infertile and embryonated unhatched eggs of griffon vultures (Gyps fulvus) and red kites (Milvus milvus), two threatened avian scavengers. Quinolones (ciprofloxacin and enrofloxacin) were found in most unhatched eggs of both scavenger species clearly associated with severe alterations in the development of embryo cartilage and bones that could preclude embryo movements and subsequently normal development, pre-hatch position and successful hatching. The detrimental effects on developing eggs of veterinary drugs from livestock operations may help to explain reduced breeding success of avian scavengers. (c) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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