期刊
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES
卷 118, 期 1, 页码 161-166出版社
US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1289/ehp.0900736
关键词
autism; autism spectrum disorders; child development; dental amalgams; developmental delay; fish; mercury; metabolism; metals
资金
- National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [1 P01 ES11269, 2 P01 ES11269, 1 R01 ES015359]
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [R833292, R829388]
- Medical Investigations of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (MIND) Institute
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES [R01ES015359, P01ES011269] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
BACKGROUND: Some authors have reported higher blood mercury (Hg) levels in persons with autism, relative to unaffected controls. OBJECTIVES: We compared blood total Hg concentrations in children with autism or autism spectrum disorder (AU/ASD) and typically developing (TD) controls in population-based samples, and determined the role of fish consumption in differences observed. METHODS: The Childhood Autism Risk from Genetics and the Environment (CHARGE) Study enrolled children 2-5 years of age. After diagnostic evaluation, we analyzed three groups: AU/ASD, non-AU/ASD with developmental delay (DID), and population-based TD controls. Mothers were interviewed about household, medical, and dietary exposures. Blood Hg was measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted (n = 452) to predict blood Hg from diagnostic status controlling for Hg sources. RESULTS: Fish consumption strongly predicted total Hg concentration. AU/ASD children ate less fish. After adjustment for fish and other Hg sources, blood Hg levels in AU/ASD children were similar to those of TD children (p = 0.75); this was also true among non-fish caters (p = 0.73). The direct effect of AU/ASD diagnosis on blood Hg not through the indirect pathway of altered fish consumption was a 12% reduction. DD children had lower blood Hg concentrations in all analyses. Dental amalgams in children with gum-chewing or teeth-grinding habits predicted higher levels. CONCLUSIONS: After accounting for dietary and other differences in Hg exposures, total Hg in blood was neither elevated nor reduced in CHARGE Study preschoolers with AU/ASD compared with unaffected controls, and resembled those of nationally representative samples.
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