期刊
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
卷 82, 期 -, 页码 83-91出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2014.02.062
关键词
Biodiesel; Esterification; Free fatty acid; Solid catalyst; Response surface methodology; Kinetics
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China, China [51102127, 51073075, 51373074, 51302127, 51143006]
- Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province, China [2009ZRB01463, 2008BS04011, Y2007B19]
- Nature Science Foundation of Ludong University, China [08-CXA001, 032912, 042920, LY20072902]
- Educational Project for Postgraduate of Ludong University, China [YD05001, Ycx0612]
- Program for Scientific research innovation team in Colleges and universities of Shandong Province, China
Because of the incitements from increasing petroleum prices, diminishing petroleum reserves and the environmental consequences of exhaust gases from petroleum fueled engines, biodiesel has been used as a substitute of the regular diesel in recent years. In this paper, biodiesel production from the esterification of the free fatty oil oleic acid with ethanol catalyzed by PA/NaY (PA = organic phosphonic acid) was investigated, and the effect of reaction conditions such as PA loading, catalyst amount, molar ratio of alcohol to acid, reaction temperature and reaction time on the esterification reaction was examined. The process optimization using response surface methodology (RSM) was performed and the interactions between the operational variables were elucidated. The optimum values for maximum conversion ratio of oleic acid could be obtained by using a Box-Behnken center-united design with a minimum of experimental work. The oleic acid conversion reached 79.51 +/- 0.68% with the molar ratio of alcohol to oleic acid being 7:1 and 1.7 g PA/NaY catalyst (20 ml of PA loading) at 105 degrees C for 7 h. Moreover, a kinetic model for the esterification catalyzed by PA/NaY catalyst was established. By fitting the kinetic model with the experimental results, the reaction order n = 2, activation energy of the positive reaction Ea+ = 43.41 kJ/mol and that of the reverse reaction Ea- = 59.74 kJ/mol were obtained. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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