期刊
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
卷 298, 期 -, 页码 193-202出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.08.057
关键词
Ionic liquid; Mesoporous carbon; Nitrogen-doped carbon; Electrochemical double-layer capacitor; Colloidal templating
资金
- University of Minnesota Initiative for Renewable Energy and the Environment (IREE)
- NSF though the MRSEC program
- NSF though the ERC program
- NSF though the MRI program
- NSF though the NNIN program
The specific energy of electrochemical double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) can be increased by design of the pore architecture to provide large interfaces between electrodes and electrolyte and efficient access to these surfaces. Colloidal-crystal templated carbon electrodes with interconnected, uniform mesopores have demonstrated high capacitances at fast charge/discharge rates in EDLCs used with ionic liquid electrolytes. Here we aim to enhance capacitive performance further through nitrogen doping, by combining a phenol-formaldehyde precursor with the ionic liquid (IL) 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanoamide (EMI-DCA) as the nitrogen source. The IL content in this precursor affects the resistance, structural integrity, and specific capacitance of the porous electrodes. With an IL content up to 50 wt%, the electrode resistance is reduced while the bicontinuous mesoporous structure of the resulting carbon is preserved. The specific capacitance of an electrode prepared with 50% IL in the precursor increases over 40% at 10 A g(-1) compared to mesoporous carbons prepared using only the phenolformaldehyde resol. With an ionic liquid electrolyte, the maximum specific capacitance is 237 F g(-1) at 0.1 A g(-1), and a specific capacitance of at least 195 F g(-1) is maintained after 1000 cycles at 1 A g(-1). A higher IL content in the precursor results in reduced structural order and capacitive performance. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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