Ultra-long anatase TiO2 nanowire arrays with multi-layered configuration on FTO glass for high-efficiency dye-sensitized solar cells

A convenient and operable fabrication technique has been demonstrated for self-assembled vertically aligned anatase TiO2 nanowires on FTO glass with tunable length in the range of 15-55 mu m for multilayered configuration photoanode based DSSCs application. DSSCs based on 47 mu m-long multi-layered anatase TiO2 nanowire arrays attain a power conversion efficiency of 9.40%, which is the highest value for nanowire array based DSSCs to date.