Torrefaction and low-temperature carbonization of woody biomass: Evaluation of fuel characteristics of the products

Preprocessing of woody biomass was performed with torrefaction and low-temperature carbonization. In this study, the pretreated samples have been used to evaluate the energy yield and fuel characteristics. The combustion profiles of the torrefied sample and the low-temperature carbonized sample blended with coal were examined in order to analyze the characteristics of co-combustion. Energy yields of 80-98% in torrefied samples and 46-63% in low-temperature carbonized samples were observed. It was found that in the low-temperature carbonization zone, the coal band moved toward that of coal. The number of differential thermogravimetric peaks decreased from two to one with an increase in the thermal-treatment temperature. In the case of samples blended with coal and low-temperature carbonized samples at 350 degrees C, it has been confirmed that the activation energy and all index parameters decreased as the blend ratio increased. It was confirmed that as a result, the combustion rate (d alpha/dt) became higher owing to an increased value of the constant (k), which represents the reaction rate. However, in the case of the sample torrefied at 275 degrees C, it was I confirmed that the combustion rate was not the same, according to the co-combustion ratio, because of an opposite tendency shown in the devolatilization and char combustion stages. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.