Association of Helicobacter pylori infection with diabetic complications: a meta-analysis

Background: Helicobacter pylori (HP) infects more than half of the world's population. The aim of the study was to quantify the association between HP and the risk of diabetic complications. Methods: A literature search was performed to identify studies published between 1998 and 2012 for relevant risk estimates. Fixed and random effect meta-analytical techniques were conducted for ischemic heart disease, retinopathy, neuropathy and nephropathy. Results: Eight studies were included. HP was associated with an increase risk of nephropathy and neuropathy (relative risk [RR]: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.06-1.73, p = 0.45 and RR: 1.20, 95% CI: 1.03-1.40, p = 0.29). We also discovered significant associations between bacterial infection and nephropathy risk in Oriental people (RR: 1.73, 95% CI: 1.19-2.50, p = 0.82) and in type 2 diabetic patients (RR: 1.50, 95% CI: 1.11-2.02, p = 0.29). Conclusions: Our meta-analyses suggest a possible relationship between HP and the risk of nephropathy and neuropathy. Our results also suggest that the effect of HP on the risk of nephropathy is stronger in Oriental people and in type 2 DM patients.