Electrochemical sensor for the determination of dopamine in presence of high concentration of ascorhic acid using a fullerene-C60 coated gold electrode

A fullerene-C60-modified gold electrode is employed for the determination of dopamine in the excess of ascorbic acid using square-wave voltammetry. Based on its strong catalytic function towards the oxidation of dopamine and ascorbic acid, the overlapping voltammetric response of both the biomolecules at the bare electrode is resolved into two well-defined voltammetric peaks with lowered oxidation potential and enhanced oxidation currents. Linear calibration curves for dopamine are obtained using square-wave voltammetry over the concentration range 1 nM-5.0 mu M in 0.1 M phosphate buffer solution at pH 7.2 with a correlation coefficient of 0.9931 and the detection limit (3 sigma) is estimated to be 0.26 x 10(-9) M. The interference studies showed that the presence of physiologically common interferents (i.e. uric acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, glucose and sodium chloride) negligibly affects the response of dopamine. The practical analytical utility of the method is illustrated by quantitative determination of dopamine in commercially available pharmaceutical formulation and human body fluids, viz. urine and blood plasma, without any preliminary treatment.