期刊
ECOTOXICOLOGY
卷 23, 期 7, 页码 1254-1259出版社
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s10646-014-1268-9
关键词
Ecuador; Paramo; Non-forced exposure; Oil spill; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
资金
- Master Program in Ecology
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology at the Universidad San Francisco de Quito (Ecuador) through the European Master Applied Ecology (EMAE) consortium
- Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT, Portugal) [SFRH/BPD/74044/2010]
- Ciencia Human Potential Operational Program (POPH)
- Quadro de Referencia Estrategico Nacional (QREN) through European Social Fund (FSE)
- Ministry of Education and Science (MEC)
Several oil spills due to ruptures in the pipeline oil systems have occurred at the Andean paramo. A sample of this crude oil was mixed with water from a nearby Andean lagoon and the toxicity of the soluble fraction was assessed through lethal and avoidance assays with a locally occurring copepod (Boeckella occidentalis intermedia). The integration of mortality and avoidance aimed at predicting the immediate decline of copepod populations facing an oil leakage. The 24-h median lethal PAH concentration was 42.7 (26.4-91.6) A mu g L-1. In the 12-h avoidance assay, 30 % avoidance was recorded at the highest PAH concentration (19.4 A mu g L-1). The mortality at this PAH concentration would be of 25 % and, thus, the population immediate decline would be of 55 %. The inclusion of non-forced exposure testing with the quantification of the avoidance response in environmental risk assessments is, therefore, supported due to underestimation of the lethal assays.
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