期刊
ECOHEALTH
卷 9, 期 4, 页码 483-498出版社
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s10393-013-0815-9
关键词
pathogen reservoir; disease dynamics; rabies virus; canine distemper virus; domestic dog; wild African carnivore
资金
- Morris Animal Foundation
- National Science Foundation [0807875]
- University of California Wildlife Health Center
- National Geographic Society
- Disney Wildlife Conservation Fund
- People's Trust for Endangered Species
- Living Desert Museum and Gardens
- Chicago Zoological Society
- Cleveland Metroparks Zoo/Cleveland Zoological Society
- Wildlife Conservation Society
- Direct For Biological Sciences
- Division Of Environmental Biology [0807875] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Rabies virus (RV) and canine distemper virus (CDV) can cause significant mortality in wild carnivore populations, and RV threatens human lives. We investigated serological patterns of exposure to CDV and RV in domestic dogs (Canis familiaris), African wild dogs (Lycaon pictus), black-backed jackals (Canis mesomelas), spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta), striped hyenas (Hyaena hyaena) and African lions (Panthera leo), over a 10-year period, in a Kenyan rangeland to assess the role domestic dogs may play in the transmission dynamics of these two important canid pathogens. Observed patterns of RV exposure suggested that repeated introduction, rather than maintenance, occurred in the wild carnivore species studied. However, RV appeared to have been maintained in domestic dogs: exposure was more likely in domestic dogs than in the wild carnivores; was detected consistently over time without variation among years; and was detected in juveniles (a parts per thousand currency sign1-year-old) as well as adults (> 1-year-old). We conclude that this domestic dog population could be a RV reservoir. By contrast, the absence of evidence of CDV exposure for each carnivore species examined in the study area, for specific years, suggested repeated introduction, rather than maintenance, and that CDV may require a larger reservoir population than RV. This reservoir could be a larger domestic dog population; another wildlife species; or a metareservoir consisting of multiple interconnected carnivore populations. Our findings suggest that RV risks to people and wild carnivores might be controlled by domestic dog vaccination, but that CDV control, if required, would need to target the species of concern.
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