期刊
EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS
卷 36, 期 15, 页码 2028-2041出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/esp.2224
关键词
bed material transport; sediment storage; aggradation
资金
- US Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station
- US Forest Service, National Science Foundation [0116726]
- Humboldt State University Environmental Resources Engineering Department
- Division Of Earth Sciences
- Directorate For Geosciences [0116726] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
The dynamics of sediment transport capacity in gravel-bed rivers is critical to understanding the formation and preservation of fluvial landforms and formulating sediment-routing models in drainage systems. We examine transport-storage relations during cycles of aggradation and degradation by augmenting observations of three events of channel aggradation and degradation in Cuneo Creek, a steep (3%) gravel-bed channel in northern California, with measurements from a series of flume runs modeling those events. An armored, single-thread channel was formed before feed rates were increased in each aggradation run. Output rates increased as the channel became finer and later widened, steepened, and braided. After feed rates were cut, output rates remained high or increased in early stages of degradation as the incising channel remained fine-grained, and later decreased as armoring intensified. If equilibrium was not reached before sediment feed rate was cut, then a rapid transition from a braided channel to a single-thread channel caused output rates for a given storage volume to be higher during degradation than during aggradation. Variations in channel morphology, and surface bed texture during runs that modeled the three cycles of aggradation and degradation were similar to those observed in Cuneo Creek and provide confidence in interpretations of the history of change: Cuneo Creek aggraded rapidly as it widened, shallowed, and braided, then degraded rapidly before armoring stabilized the channel. Such morphology-driven changes in transport capacity may explain the formation of flood terraces in proximal channels. Transport-storage relations can be expected to vary between aggradation and degradation and be influenced by channel conditions at the onset of changes in sediment supply. Published in 2011. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
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