The influence of atmospheric circulation on the dynamics of the intermediate water layer in the eastern part of the St. Anna Trough

This paper discusses the results of unique direct observations over the current velocities in the eastern part of the St. Anna deep-water trough, made in the period from August 2009 until September 2010, and analyzes the physical ways how the temporal variability of currents is formed. The stable northward barotropic transport with an average annual velocity of about 20 cm/s was discovered. It was found that changes in velocity with a characteristic timescale of several weeks occurred synchronously in the entire water column and were determined by the deformation of the sea level field due to long-period disturbances of the large-scale field of ground wind above the northern parts of Barents and Kara seas. For the winds of the southwest and west directions, the sea level's gradient is formed across the St. Anna Trough and the northward meridional water transport is intensified owing to the geostrophic adjustment. These are verified by the results of numerical simulation.