Early cholecystectomy in children with gallstone pancreatitis reduces readmissions

Background: Multiple guidelines exist in adult practice regarding the timing of cholecystectomy for gallstone pancreatitis. Current evidence to support their application to pediatric practice is minimal. This study sought to determine the effect of timing of cholecystectomy for gallstone pancreatitis in children on the risk of readmission. Method: All patients younger than 19 years of age presenting to an acute NHS trust in England with a diagnosis of gallstone pancreatitis between 1 January 1999 and 31st December 2009 were included. Patient level data were extracted from the English Hospital Episode Statistic Database. ICD10, OPCS4.6 and hospital administrative data were used to determine: diagnosis, age, associated comorbidities and subsequent procedures performed. Results: 670 cases of gallstone related pancreatitis were recorded in younger than 19 years old between 1999 and 2009 resulting in 3 deaths during this period. The majority (534/670) underwent a cholecystectomy which was performed less than two weeks from primary admission in 33% (174/534) of cases. Cholecystectomy within two weeks provides an actual risk reduction (ARR) of readmission of 57.5% (95% CI 50.1 to 64.4%, p < 0.0001, NNT 2). No significant difference was identified in operative complications or mortality following early cholecystectomy in this group (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Readmissions can be significantly reduced in this population by performing a cholecystectomy within two weeks with no apparent rise in surgical complications. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.