Promoting Physical Activity for Persons With Diabetes

Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a self-help physical activity program for persons with type 2 diabetes. Effectiveness was measured by cardiovascular indicators, hemoglobin A1C, anthropo-metric indicators, and activity levels. Methods This intervention study included 53 individuals with type 2 diabetes. Participants were randomly assigned. Participants in the intervention group attended the Usual Diabetes Self-Management Education Program (DSMEP) and received a copy of the book, Manpo-kei; a concise handout summarizing the key points of Manpo-kei; and a pedometer. Participants not assigned to the intervention attended the usual DSMEP only. Data collection was completed at the beginning of the study and 3 months later using a lifestyle and diabetes questionnaire. a physical activity questionnaire, and cardiovascular and anthropometric measures. Results Those who participated in the intervention demonstrated a significant decrease in hemoglobin A1C, weight, and body fat. In addition, they increased their number of daily steps as measured by the pedometer. The control roup also demonstrated a significant decrease in hemoglobin A1C and weight. Both groups demonstrated increases in their regular weekly activity. At the end of the study period, the intervention group had a significantly lower diastolic blood pressure than the control group. Conclusions Pedometers can be a helpful strategy to motivate persons with diabetes to increase physical activity. However, it appears that attendance at DSMEP alone may be enough to increase physical activity for persons with type 2 diabetes.