Regulation of leptin, adiponectin and acylation-stimulating protein by hyperinsulinaemia and hyperglycaemia in vivo in healthy lean young men

Aim. - Both type 1 and 2 diabetes are associated with differential regulation of leptin, adiponectin and ASP. Our aim was to examine whether or not acute hyperinsulinemia and/or hyperglycaemia per se have differential regulation of these hormones in healthy subjects. Methods. - We examined changes in leptin, adiponectin and SP concentrations and subcutaneous white adipose tissue mRNA expression with 3-hour hyperinsulinaemic (HI, n=10), hyperglycaemic (HG, n=7) and hyperinsulinaemic-hyprglycaemic (HGHI, n=8) clamps in healthy lean young men. As somatostatin was used for the HG and HGHI clamps, a control somatostatin clamp was carried out (n=4). Changes in the expression of HKII and p85 alpha Pi3K were examined as positive controls for the induction of gene expression by the insulin pathway. Results.- HI, HG and HGHI clamps increased expression of HKII and p85 alpha Pi3K while somatostatin did not. The HI clamp decreased serum adipnectin (-15%, P < 0.001) and increased serum leptin (+11%, P=0.031), while the HG clamp reduced serum leptin (-20%, P=0.003). The HGHI clamp increased serum ASP (+21%, P=0.047) and expression of C3 (+26%, P=0.018) and leptin +50%, P=0.024). Interestingly, the control somatostatin clamp suppressed both serum leptin (-17%, P=0.043) and adiponectin (-7%, P=0.020). Conclusion. - HG and/or HI per se regulated the concentrations and expression of leptin, adiponectin and ASP in healthy lean young men, suggesting a contribution to dysregulation of these hormones in diabetes. (c) 2008 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.