期刊
DEVELOPMENTAL DYNAMICS
卷 241, 期 12, 页码 1993-2004出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.23882
关键词
heart development; cardiac maturation; zebrafish; Danio rerio; ventricle; atrium; trabeculation; bulbous arteriosus; congenital heart disease; myh6; weak atrium
资金
- NIH/NICHD [R03 HD055399]
- PSC-CUNY [PSCREG-40-1135, PSCREG-39-61492]
- Howards Hughes Medical Institute Summer Program for Undergraduate Students
- NIH [HD055399]
- PSC-CUNY
- Queens College Research Enhancement funds
Background: Cardiac maturation is vital for animal survival and must occur throughout the animal's life. Zebrafish are increasingly used to model cardiac disease; however, little is known about how the cardiovascular system matures. We conducted a systematic analysis of cardiac maturation from larvae through to adulthood and assessed cardiac features influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Results: We identified a novel step in cardiac maturation, termed cardiac rotation, where the larval heart rotates into its final orientation within the thoracic cavity with the atrium placed behind the ventricle. This rotation is followed by linear ventricle growth and an increase in the angle between bulbous arteriosus and the ventricle. The ventricle transitions from a rectangle, to a triangle and ultimately a sphere that is significantly enveloped by the atrium. In addition, trabeculae are similarly patterned in the zebrafish and humans, both with muscular fingerlike projections and muscle bands that span the cardiac chamber. Of interest, partial loss of atrial contraction in myosin heavy chain 6 (myh6/weahu423/+) mutants result in the adult maintaining a larval cardiac form. Conclusions: These findings serve as a foundation for the study of defects in cardiovascular development from both genetic and environmental factors. Developmental Dynamics, 2012. (C) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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