期刊
DEVELOPMENTAL DYNAMICS
卷 238, 期 8, 页码 1897-1908出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.22014
关键词
BMPs signal; Smad4 gene; conditional knockout; hearing loss; inner ear development; inner ear malformation
资金
- Hi-Tech Research and Development Program of China (863) [2007AA02Z150]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [30871398, 30730040, 30571017, 30000189, 30628030]
- Natural Science Foundation of Beijing [7042061]
Smad4 is the central intracellular mediator of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) signaling, which plays crucial roles in tissue regeneration, cell differentiation, embryonic development, and regulation of the immune system. Conventional Smad4 gene knockout results in embryonic lethality, precluding its use in studies of the role of Smad4 in inner ear development. We used chondrocyte-specific Smad4 knockout mice (Smad4(Co/Co)) to investigate the function of Smad4 in inner ear development. Smad4(Co/Co) mice were characterized by a smaller cochlear volume, bone malformation, and abnormalities of the osseous spiral lamina and basilar membrane. The development of the hair cells was also abnormal, as evidenced by the disorganized stereocilia and reduced density of the neuronal processes beneath the hair cells. Auditory function tests revealed the homozygous Smad4(Co/Co) mice suffered from severe sensorineural hearing loss. Our results suggest that Smad4 is required for inner ear development and normal auditory function in mammals. Developmental Dynamics 238.1897-1908, 2009. (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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