Biofiltration process as an ideal approach to remove pollutants from polluted air

Most developing and developed countries are facing the problems and challenges of air pollution. Many governments have enacted laws and policies to enforce industrial activities to reduce air contaminating emissions and are mainly carried out by installation of air pollution control systems. Therefore, the use of suitable technique such as biofiltration processes to control air pollutants is necessary. Although many studies have been published on the designing and operations of polluted air treatment using biofiltration processes but a comprehensive review on it is still lacking. Till now due to conceptual designing and operational knowledge, several cases of failure or sub-optimum designing has been reported about the use of biofiltration process to treat polluted air. This paper presents a comprehensive review of biofiltration processes and technology for the control of organic and inorganic pollutants as an ideal approach to remove pollutants from polluted air. It also covers classification, functional mechanism, designing, and its operational parameters to treat polluted air. Comprehensive literature review suggests that the use of bio-trickling filter processes to treat polluted air can help to create excellent design and optimum operation to generate pollution free environment. In conclusion, the paper outlines designing, function, and operation of biofiltration process.