期刊
DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY
卷 103, 期 -, 页码 96-111出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.dsr2.2013.11.003
关键词
Sediment connectivity; Near-bottom circulation; Harmful Algal Bloom cysts; Gulf of Maine; Alexandrium fundyense; Particle tracking
类别
资金
- U.S. Geological Survey
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [NA06NOS4780245]
- Woods Hole Center for Oceans
- Human Health through National Science Foundation [OCE-1314642]
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [1P01ES021923-01]
- North East Consortium Grant [NA05NMF4721057]
- Division Of Ocean Sciences
- Directorate For Geosciences [1314642] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
The life cycle of Alexandrium fundyense in the Gulf of Maine includes a dormant cyst stage that spends the winter predominantly in the bottom sediment. Wave-current bottom stress caused by storms and tides induces resuspension of cyst-containing sediment during winter and spring. Resuspended sediment could be transported by water flow to different locations in the Gulf and the redistribution of sediment containing A. fundyense cysts could alter the spatial and temporal manifestation of its spring bloom. The present study evaluates model near-bottom flow during storms, when sediment resuspension and redistribution are most likely to occur, between October and May when A. fundyense cells are predominantly in cyst form. Simulated water column sediment (mud) concentrations from representative locations of the Gulf are used to initialize particle tracking simulations for the period October 2010-May 2011. Particles are tracked in full three-dimensional model solutions including a sinking velocity characteristic of cyst and aggregated mud settling (0.1 mm s(-)1). Although most of the material was redeposited near the source areas, small percentages of total resuspended sediment from some locations in the western (similar to 4%) and eastern (2%) Maine shelf and the Bay of Fundy (1%) traveled distances longer than 100 km before resettling. The redistribution changed seasonally and was sensitive to the prescribed sinking rate. Estimates of the amount of cysts redistributed with the sediment were small compared to the inventory of cysts in the upper few centimeters of sediment but could potentially have more relevance immediately after deposition. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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