Binding and activation of nitrite and nitric oxide by copper nitrite reductase and corresponding model complexes

The reduction of nitrite to nitric oxide in dissimilatory denitrification is carried out by copper nitrite reductases (CuNIRs) via a type 2 copper site. Extended studies on CuNIRs in combination with model complexes have allowed for the establishment of two potential mechanisms for this transformation. Recent experimental and computational results have revealed further details of this process. In addition, the interaction of NO with copper sites has recently gained much attention. This review discusses recent results in the context of the known coordination chemistry of CuNIRs.