期刊
CURRENT PHARMACEUTICAL DESIGN
卷 18, 期 32, 页码 5045-5054出版社
BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD
DOI: 10.2174/138161212802884636
关键词
Cannabis; THC; CBD; neuroimaging; fMRI; PET; memory; salience; anxiety; psychotic symptoms
资金
- Medical Research Council, UK [G0501775]
- NIHR [NIHR CS-11-001]
- MRC [G0501775] Funding Source: UKRI
- Medical Research Council [G0501775] Funding Source: researchfish
- National Institute for Health Research [NIHR-CS-011-001] Funding Source: researchfish
Pharmacological challenge in conjunction with neuroimaging techniques has been employed for over two decades now to understand the neural basis of the cognitive, emotional and symptomatic effects of the main ingredients of cannabis, the most widely used illicit drug in the world. This selective critical review focuses on the human neuroimaging studies investigating the effects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), the two main cannabinoids of interest present in the extract of the cannabis plant. These studies suggest that consistent with the polymorphic and heterogeneous nature of the effects of cannabis, THC and CBD have distinct and often opposing effects on widely distributed neural networks that include medial temporal and prefrontal cortex and striatum, brain regions that are rich in cannabinoid receptors and implicated in the pathophysiology of psychosis. They help elucidate the neurocognitive mechanisms underlying the acute induction of psychotic symptoms by cannabis and provide mechanistic understanding underlying the potential role of CBD as an anxiolytic and antipsychotic. Although there are ethical and methodological caveats, pharmacological neuroimaging studies such as those reviewed here may not only help model different aspects of the psychopathology of mental disorders such as schizophrenia and offer insights into their underlying mechanisms, but may suggest potentially new therapeutic targets for drug discovery.
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