期刊
CURRENT PHARMACEUTICAL DESIGN
卷 16, 期 19, 页码 2136-2140出版社
BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD
DOI: 10.2174/138161210791516323
关键词
Dopamine; alcohol; pharmacotherapy; ventral tegmental area; nucleus accumbens
An extensive literature supports the role of dopamine in the development and maintenance of alcohol dependence. Yet the organization of brain dopamine is complex, with multiple dopamine receptor subtypes and distinct effects on reinforcement, craving, motivation and behavior. Several modestly effective pharmacological treatments for alcoholism, including naltrexone, baclofen and ondansetron, affect dopaminergic systems indirectly. Direct dopamine antagonists, including tiapride, quetiapine, ondansetron and clozapine have been shown to be somewhat effective in reducing alcohol consumption in controlled clinical trials. The partial dopamine agonist, aripiprazole has shown mixed efficacy. Dopaminergic medications can have significant side effects. A better understanding of how dopamine affects the various aspects of addictive behavior may lead to more effective medications.
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