期刊
CURRENT OPINION IN STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY
卷 23, 期 1, 页码 134-143出版社
CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2013.01.003
关键词
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资金
- NIH [GM087282]
- American Cancer Society [RSG0918301DMC]
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1) regulates gene transcription, cell death signaling, and DNA repair through production of the posttranslational modification poly(ADPribose). During the cellular response to genotoxic stress PARP-1 rapidly associates with DNA damage, which robustly stimulates poly(ADP-ribose) production over a low basal level of PARP-1 activity. DNA damage-dependent PARP-1 activity is central to understanding PARP-1 biological function, but structural insights into the mechanisms underlying this mode of regulation have remained elusive, in part due to the highly modular six-domain architecture of PARP-1. Recent structural studies have illustrated how PARP-1 uses specialized zinc fingers to detect DNA breaks through sequence-independent interaction with exposed nucleotide bases, a common feature of damaged and abnormal DNA structures. The mechanism of coupling DNA damage detection to elevated poly(ADP-ribose) production has been elucidated based on a crystal structure of the essential domains of PARP-1 in complex with a DNA strand break. The multiple domains of PARP-1 collapse onto damaged DNA, forming a network of interdomain contacts that introduce destabilizing alterations in the catalytic domain leading to an enhanced rate of poly(ADP-ribose) production.
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