期刊
CURRENT OPINION IN STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY
卷 19, 期 5, 页码 549-557出版社
CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2009.06.001
关键词
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资金
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA [R37NS037096, R01NS057338]
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE [R01NS057338, R37NS037096] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
Gangliosides, sialic acid-bearing glycosphingolipids, are expressed on all vertebrate cells, and are the major glycans on nerve cells. They are anchored to the plasma membrane through their ceramide lipids with their varied glycans extending into the extracellular space. Through sugar-specific interactions with glycan-binding proteins on apposing cells, gangliosides function as receptors in cell-cell recognition, regulating natural killer cell cytotoxicity via Siglec-7, myelinaxon interactions via Siglec-4 (myelin-associated glycoprotein), and inflammation via E-selectin. Gangliosides also interact laterally in their own membranes, regulating the responsiveness of signaling proteins including the insulin, epidermal growth factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor receptors. In these ways, gangliosides act as regulatory elements in the immune system, in the nervous system, in metabolic regulation, and in cancer progression.
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