期刊
CURRENT OPINION IN ORGAN TRANSPLANTATION
卷 13, 期 6, 页码 592-600出版社
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1097/MOT.0b013e3283186b51
关键词
antibiotic-associated diarrhea; Clostridium difficile; nosocomial infection; pseudomembranous colitis; solid organ transplant
资金
- National Institutes of Health
- NICHD [T32 HD007507]
- [1K12RR02324901]
Purpose of review To provide a general understanding of Clostridium difficile infection with a focus on recent publications that evaluate the disease in solid organ transplant recipients. Recent findings The incidence of C. difficile infection is increasing worldwide. Epidemics due to a hypervirulent C. difficile strain are associated with an escalating severity of disease. New evidence further supports basing initial treatment choice on disease severity. Summary C. difficile is a significant pathogen in solid organ transplant recipients. Multiple risk factors are found in this population that may result in more severe disease. A high index of suspicion is necessary for the early diagnosis and treatment of C. difficile infection in transplant recipients. Metronidazole and vancomycin show equivalent efficacy in the treatment for mild-to-moderate disease, but vancomycin has demonstrated superiority in the treatment of severe disease. Surgical intervention is also an important consideration in the treatment of solid organ transplant recipients with severe colitis. Rigorous infection control practices are essential for preventing the spread of C. difficile within the hospital environment.
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