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From circuit motifs to computations: mapping the behavioral repertoire of cortical interneurons

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CURRENT OPINION IN NEUROBIOLOGY
卷 26, 期 -, 页码 117-124

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CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2014.01.007

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资金

  1. NIH NINDS [R01NS075531]
  2. Klingenstein Foundation
  3. John Merck Foundation
  4. Sloan Foundation
  5. Whitehall Foundation
  6. Swartz Foundation
  7. Marie Curie International Outgoing Fellowship within the EU Seventh Framework Program for Research and Technological Development
  8. Robert Lee and Clara Guthrie Patterson Trust Postdoctoral Fellowship
  9. Human Frontier Science Program

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The exquisite architecture of cortex incorporates a myriad of inhibitory interneuron types. Until recently, the dearth of techniques for cell type identification in awake animals has made it difficult to link interneuron activity with circuit function, computation and behavior. This situation has changed dramatically in recent years with the advent of novel tools for targeting genetically distinct interneuron types so their activity can be observed and manipulated. The association of different interneuron subtypes with specific circuit functions, such as gain modulation or disinhibition, is starting to reveal canonical circuit motifs conserved across neocortical regions. Moreover, it appears that some interneuron types are recruited at specific behavioral events and likely control the flow of information among and within brain areas at behavioral time scales. Based on these results we propose that interneuron function goes beyond network coordination and interneurons should be viewed as integral elements of cortical computations serving behavior.

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