期刊
CURRENT OPINION IN NEUROBIOLOGY
卷 18, 期 1, 页码 44-52出版社
CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2008.05.003
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资金
- NIA NIH HHS [R01 AG031524, R01 AG031524-01] Funding Source: Medline
- NIMH NIH HHS [K01 MH080259-02, K01 MH080259] Funding Source: Medline
- NINDS NIH HHS [R01 NS047701, R01 NS047701-04] Funding Source: Medline
The polarization of axon and dendrites underlies the ability of neurons to integrate and transmit information in the brain. Important progress has been made toward the identification of the molecular mechanisms regulating neuronal polarization using primarily in vitro approaches such as dissociated culture of rodent hippocampal neurons. The predominant view emerging from this paradigm is that neuronal polarization is initiated by intrinsic activation of signaling pathways underlying the initial break in neuronal symmetry that precedes the future asymmetric growth of the axon. Recent evidence shows that (i) axon-dendrite polarization is specified when neurons engage migration in vivo, (ii) that a kinase pathway defined by LKB1 and SAID-kinases (Par4/Par1 dyad) is required for proper neuronal polarization in vivo and that (iii) extracellular cues can play an instructive role during neuronal polarization. Here, we review some of these recent results and highlight future challenges in the field including the determination of how extracellular cues control intracellular responses underlying neuronal polarization in vivo.
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