期刊
CURRENT OPINION IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES
卷 26, 期 5, 页码 404-412出版社
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1097/QCO.0b013e3283638104
关键词
brucellosis; epidemiology; neglected diseases; zoonoses
资金
- Fogarty Global Health Fellowship through the Fogarty International Center at the US National Institutes of Health [R25TW009343]
- United Kingdom Biotechnology and Biomedical Sciences Research Council [BB/J010367/1, BB/H009302/1, BB/H00935/1]
- World Health Organization [HQNTD1206296]
- Wellcome Trust [096400/Z/11/Z]
- Fogarty International Center at the US National Institutes of Health [R01TW009237]
- Wellcome Trust [096400/Z/11/Z] Funding Source: Wellcome Trust
- BBSRC [BB/H009302/1, BB/J010367/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BB/J010367/1, BB/H009302/1] Funding Source: researchfish
Purpose of reviewHuman brucellosis is a neglected, underrecognized infection of widespread geographic distribution. It causes acute febrile illness and a potentially debilitating chronic infection in humans, and livestock infection has substantial socioeconomic impact. This review describes new information regarding the epidemiology of brucellosis in the developing world and advances in diagnosis and treatment.Recent findingsThe highest recorded incidence of human brucellosis occurs in the Middle East and Central Asia. Fever etiology studies demonstrate brucellosis as a cause of undifferentiated febrile illness in the developing world. Brucellosis is a rare cause of fever among returning travelers, but is more common among travelers returning from the Middle East and North Africa. Sensitive and specific rapid diagnostic tests appropriate for resource-limited settings have been validated. Randomized controlled trials demonstrate that optimal treatment for human brucellosis consists of doxycycline and an aminoglycoside. Decreasing the burden of human brucellosis requires control of animal brucellosis, but evidence to inform the design of control programs in the developing world is needed.SummaryBrucellosis causes substantial morbidity in human and animal populations. While improvements in diagnostic options for resource-limited settings and stronger evidence for optimal therapy should enhance identification and treatment of human brucellosis, prevention of human disease through control in animals remains paramount.
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