期刊
CURRENT OPINION IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES
卷 23, 期 5, 页码 488-493出版社
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1097/QCO.0b013e32833de0eb
关键词
intestinal protozoa; laboratory diagnosis; multiplex real-time PCR; opportunistic infections; travellers
资金
- P.C. Flu Foundation, The Netherlands
Purpose of review To update the reader on the latest developments in the laboratory diagnosis of intestinal protozoa. Recent findings Correct identification of a diarrhoea causing pathogens is essential for the choice of treatment in an individual patient as well as to map the aetiology of diarrhoea in a variety of patient populations. Classical diagnosis of diarrhoea causing protozoa by microscopic examination of a stool sample lacks both sensitivity and specificity. Alternative diagnostic platforms are discussed. Summary Recent literature on the diagnosis of intestinal protozoa has focused mainly on nucleic acid-based assays, in particular the specific detection of parasite DNA in stool samples using real-time PCR. In addition, the trend has been moving from single pathogen detection to a multiplex approach, allowing simultaneous identification of multiple parasites. Different combinations of targets can be used within a routine diagnostic setting, depending on the patient population, such as children, immunocompromised individuals and those who have been travelling to tropical regions. Large-scale monitoring and evaluation of control strategies become feasible due to automation and high-throughput facilities. Improved technology also has become available for differentiating protozoa subspecies, which facilitates outbreak investigations and extensive research in molecular epidemiology.
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