期刊
CURRENT OPINION IN CELL BIOLOGY
卷 24, 期 4, 页码 547-553出版社
CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2012.05.011
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资金
- Flanders Fund for Scientific Research [FWO G 0.666.10N]
- Federal Office for Scientific Affairs [IUAP p6/43]
- Flemish Government
- Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation [CSD2010-00064, SAF2010-14906]
- Agencia Nacional Promocion Cientifica y Tecnica (Argentina)
- CONICET y Agencia Cordoba Ciencia
- National Institutes of Health [R00MH080599, R01MH091186]
- Whitehall Foundation
- Pew Charitable Trusts
In a biological sense, polarity refers to the extremity of the main axis of an organelle, cell, or organism. In neurons, morphological polarity begins with the appearance of the first neurite from the cell body. In multipolar neurons, a second phase of polarization occurs when a single neurite initiates a phase of rapid growth to become the neuron's axon, while the others later differentiate as dendrites. Finally, during a third phase, axons and dendrites develop an elaborate architecture, acquiring special morphological and molecular features that commit them to their final identities. Mechanistically, each phase must be preceded by spatial restriction of growth activity. We will review recent work on the mechanisms underlying the polarized growth of neurons.
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