期刊
CURRENT MOLECULAR MEDICINE
卷 10, 期 2, 页码 123-132出版社
BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD
DOI: 10.2174/156652410790963303
关键词
DNAmethylation; cancer; promoter methylation; hypermethylation; hypomethylation; non-invasive biomarker; body-fluids
资金
- NCI NIH HHS [U01 CA084971-10, U01 CA084971, P50 CA070907, U01 CA084971-10S1, U01 CA084971-09] Funding Source: Medline
- NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE [P50CA070907, U01CA084971] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
DNA methylation plays a critical role in the regulation of gene expression, differentiation and in the development of cancer and other diseases. Hypermethylation of CpG islands located in the promoter regions of tumor suppressor genes is now firmly established as the most frequent mechanism for gene inactivation in cancers. Feasibility of using DNA methylation based biomarkers for early detection of cancer has been shown. Potential of using DNA methylation for prediction of therapeutic outcome and patient survival has also been shown. DNA originated from cancer cells has been routinely detected in clinical specimens ( ex. Plasma/serum, sputum, urine etc.) from cancer patients. Presence of methylated DNA sequences in clinical specimens and potential of using them as biomarkers have been recognized. Novel methylation based biomarkers that can be used in clinical specimens, obtained non-invasively from cancer patients, offer significant practical advantages. More resources need to be committed to this area of biomarker research. Thus, we review recent findings on DNA methylation based cancer biomarkers with particular focus on these applicable to the clinical specimens obtained non-invasively from cancer patients.
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