期刊
CURRENT MOLECULAR MEDICINE
卷 9, 期 6, 页码 667-672出版社
BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD
DOI: 10.2174/156652409788970706
关键词
NKT cells; tumor immunity; immunosurveillance; immunoregulation; alpha-galactosylceramide; cancer; IL-13; TGF-beta
资金
- Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 SC004020-30] Funding Source: Medline
NKT cells are true T cells that serve as a bridge between the innate and adaptive immune system, acting as first responders. They recognize lipid antigens rather than peptides, and respond to these when presented by a non-classical class I MHC molecule, CD1d. NKT cells can play a pathogenic role in asthma or a protective role against several autoimmune diseases, in part based on their cytokine profile. In cancer, they can play opposite roles, contributing to anti-tumor immunity or suppressing it. The protective NKT cells were found to be primarily type I NKT cells defined by use of a semi-invariant T cell receptor involving V alpha 14J alpha 18 in mice and V alpha 24J alpha 18 in humans and responding to alpha-galactosylceramide, and the most protective were among the minority that are CD4(-). The suppressive NKT cells were found to be CD4(+) and to be primarily type II NKT cells, that have diverse T-cell receptors and respond to other lipids. Further, the type I and type II NKT cells were found to counter-regulate each other, forming a new immunoregulatory axis. This axis may have broad implications beyond cancer, as NKT cells play a role in steering other adaptive immune responses. The balance along this axis could affect immunity to tumors and infectious diseases and responses to vaccines.
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