期刊
CURRENT DIABETES REPORTS
卷 10, 期 1, 页码 78-86出版社
CURRENT MEDICINE GROUP
DOI: 10.1007/s11892-009-0085-7
关键词
Lipids; Lipoproteins; Dysfunctional high density lipoprotein; Insulin resistance; Obesity; Adipose tissue; Endothelial; Inflammation; Macrophage; Ceramide; Sphingomyelin; Sphingosine-1-phosphate; Phospholipid
资金
- University of Washington Diabetes and Endocrinology Research Center (National Institutes of Health [NIH] [P30 DK017047]
- American Heart Association [0830231N]
- University of Washington Nutrition and Obesity Research Center (NIH) [5P30 DK035816]
There is renewed interest in high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) due to recent findings linking atherosclerosis to the formation of dysfunctional HDL. This article focuses on the universe of HDL lipids and their potential protective or proinflammatory roles in vascular disease and insulin resistance. HDL carries a wide array of lipids including sterols, triglycerides, fat-soluble vitamins, and a large number of phospholipids, including phosphatidylcholine, sphingomyelin, and ceramide with many biological functions. Ceramide has been implicated in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and has many proinflammatory properties. In contrast, sphingosine-1-phosphate, which is transported mainly in HDL, has anti-inflammatory properties that may be atheroprotective and may account for some of the beneficial effects of HDL. However, the complexity of the HDL lipidome is only beginning to reveal itself. The emergence of new analytical technologies should rapidly increase our understanding of the function of HDL lipids and their role in disease states.
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