The Role of Polyunsaturated ω-3 Fatty Acid Eicosapentaenoic Acid-Derived Resolvin E1 (RvE1) in Bone Preservation

Resolvin E1 (RvE1) is a recently discovered lipid-derived mediator that is endogenously synthesized from the polyunsaturated fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid. RvE1 is locally generated in response to inflammation where it enhances the resolution phase of inflammation by diminishing neutrophil chemotaxis and by enhancing nonphlogistic macrophage-directed clearance of apoptotic neutrophils. RvE1 was also found to be effective in preventing and restoring bone loss in the inflammatory bone disease periodontitis. This review examines experimental evidence on RvE1's actions in bone. Current data indicate that in addition to anti-inflammatory actions, RvE1 also directly acts on bone cells and promotes bone preservation.