期刊
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
卷 40, 期 7, 页码 561-661出版社
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/10643380802471076
关键词
reed beds; granular medium; hydraulic loading rate; organic loading rate
资金
- Ghent University
- Spanish Department of Education and Science [CTM2005-06457-C05, CTM2008-06676-C05]
The main contaminant removal processes occurring in subsurface-flow constructed wetlands treating wastewater are reviewed. Redox conditions prevailing in the wetlands are analyzed and linked to contaminant removal mechanisms. The removal of organic matter and its accumulation in the granular medium of the wetlands are evaluated with regard to particulate and dissolved components and clogging processes. The main biological processes linked to organic matter transformationaerobic respiration, denitrification, acid fermentation, sulfate reduction, and methanogenesisare reviewed separately. The processes of removal of surfactants, pesticides and herbicides, emergent contaminants, nutrients, heavy metals and faecal organisms are analyzed. Advances in wetland modeling are presented as a powerful tool for understanding multiple interactions occurring in subsurface-flow constructed wetlands during the removal of contaminants.
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