期刊
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
卷 49, 期 6, 页码 439-462出版社
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.3109/10409238.2014.953628
关键词
Glycoalkaloid; plant development; plant growth; steroid; structure-activity relationships; triterpenoid
资金
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) Institute Strategic Programme Grant Understanding and Exploiting Plant and Microbial Secondary Metabolism [BB/J004596/1]
- joint Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council/National Science Foundation as part of the Syntegron consortium [EP/K03459/1]
- EU
- John Innes Foundation
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BBS/E/J/000CA527, BBS/E/J/000CA533, BB/K005952/1, BBS/E/J/00000614] Funding Source: researchfish
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/K034359/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- BBSRC [BBS/E/J/000CA533, BB/K005952/1, BBS/E/J/000CA527] Funding Source: UKRI
- EPSRC [EP/K034359/1] Funding Source: UKRI
Saponins are widely distributed plant natural products with vast structural and functional diversity. They are typically composed of a hydrophobic aglycone, which is extensively decorated with functional groups prior to the addition of hydrophilic sugar moieties, to result in surface-active amphipathic compounds. The saponins are broadly classified as triterpenoids, steroids or steroidal glycoalkaloids, based on the aglycone structure from which they are derived. The saponins and their biosynthetic intermediates display a variety of biological activities of interest to the pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food sectors. Although their relevance in industrial applications has long been recognized, their role in plants is underexplored. Recent research on modulating native pathway flux in saponin biosynthesis has demonstrated the roles of saponins and their biosynthetic intermediates in plant growth and development. Here, we review the literature on the effects of these molecules on plant physiology, which collectively implicate them in plant primary processes. The industrial uses and potential of saponins are discussed with respect to structure and activity, highlighting the undoubted value of these molecules as therapeutics.
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