On corrosion behaviour of magnesium alloy AZ31 in simulated body fluids and influence of ionic liquid pretreatments

This paper reports on the corrosion of Mg alloy AZ31 in simulated body fluid (SBF) using static immersion tests and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. A preliminary study on the effect of flowing SBF on the corrosion behaviour of AZ31 has also been carried out. Low toxicity ionic liquids (ILs) trimethyl(butyl) phosphonium diphenyl phosphate P1444DPP and trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis-2,4,4trimethylpentyl-phosphinate [P-66614][(i)(C-8)(2)PO2] have been used to provide corrosion protection for AZ31 in SBF. Time dependent immersion tests indicate that under static conditions, AZ31 suffers severe localised corrosion in SBF, with pits developing predominantly beside the Al-Mn intermetallic phase in the a matrix. At longer immersion times, the corrosion product eventually precipitates and covers the entire specimen surface. When exposed to SBF under flowing conditions with a shear stress of 0.88 Pa, more uniform corrosion was observed. The optical profilometry results and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis suggest that both P1444DPP and [P-66614][(i)(C-8)(2)PO2] pretreatments can increase the corrosion resistance of AZ31 in SBF, in particular by decreasing the number of deeper pits found on the alloy surface. Cytotoxic test shows that the presence of the ILs P1444DPP and [P-66614][(i)(C-8)(2)PO2] in cell culture media slightly inhibits the growth of human coronary artery endothelial cells in comparison with the good cell viability around the treated specimen. A pretreatment with IL is used in order to improve the corrosion resistance of this alloy in SBF.