Recent advances and future directions to optimize the performances of p-type dye-sensitized solar cells

This review provides a summary of the most important developments in the field of solar cells based on the sensitization of p-type semiconductors, such as NiO, and identifies the future challenges and opportunities to enhance their overall performance. In particular, the main factors responsible for the low open-circuit voltage, short circuit photocurrent and fill factor are discussed in detail. (C) 2012 Elsevier BM. All rights reserved.