Optimal energy management for an electric vehicle in eco-driving applications

This paper considers an energy management problem for an electric vehicle compliant with online requirements for 'eco-driving' application. Eco-driving techniques are discussed and formulated as an optimal control problem that consists of the minimization of the vehicle consumption over a time and distance horizon. Then, a closed-form solution of the optimal trajectories is presented. Numerical and experimental results assess the validity of the proposed eco-driving system. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.