Synthesis and ultrasonic investigations of titanium oxide nanofluids

Titanium oxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by means of sol-gel method. Crystalline nature of synthesized TiO2 NPs was confirmed by the X-ray powder diffractometry (XRD). The surface morphology and the size of particle of NPs were analyzed by high resolution scanning electron microscopic method (HRSEM). Phase composition in TiO2 was identified by FT-Raman spectroscopy. TiO2 NPs were dispersed into water and mixed thoroughly by using ultrasonication process to obtain nanofluid sample. The dispersion of nanoparticles in nanofluids is studied with the unique method of UV-visible spectrometer, which confirms that dispersion stability has prepared nanofluids. Ultrasonic velocity and the values of density were measured for different concentrations of titanium oxide nanofluids. The acoustical parameter such as adiabatic compressibility, intermolecular free length, and acoustic impedance was calculated from the experimental data. It was observed that ultrasonic velocity was made visible on linearity with particle concentration and the results were discussed. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.