期刊
ACS NANO
卷 10, 期 1, 页码 88-92出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b04064
关键词
in situ graphene liquid cell electron microscopy; water-soluble mineral; nucleation and growth; grain boundary migration; grain rotation
类别
资金
- Office of Energy Research, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
- Office of Naval Research [N00014-12-1]
- NSF [DMR-1206512]
- DTRA [HDTRA1-13-1-0035]
The precipitation and dissolution of water-soluble minerals in aqueous systems is a familiar process occurring commonly in nature. Understanding mineral nucleation and growth during its precipitation is highly desirable, but past in situ techniques have suffered from limited spatial and temporal resolution. Here, by using in situ graphene liquid cell electron microscopy, mineral nucleation and growth processes are demonstrated in high spatial and temporal resolution. We precipitate the mineral thenardite (Na2SO4) from aqueous solution with electron-beam-induced radiolysis of water. We demonstrate that minerals nucleate with a two-dimensional island structure on the graphene surfaces. We further reveal that mineral grains grow by grain boundary migration and grain rotation. Our findings provide a direct observation of the dynamics of crystal growth from ionic solutions.
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