Multiscale fiber reinforced composites based on a carbon nanofiber/epoxy nanophased polymer matrix: Synthesis, mechanical, and thermomechanical behavior

Vacuum assisted resin infusion molding (VARIM) was used to produce multiscale fiber reinforced composites (M-FRCs) based on carbon nanofibers dispersed in an epoxy resin. Flexural, interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) and thermomechanical tests are presented for the 0.1 wt% and 1 wt% M-FRCs and compared with the neat fiber reinforced composites (FRCs). Flexural strength and modulus increased (16-20%) and (23-26%), respectively for the 0.1 wt% and 1 wt% M-FRCs when compared to the neat FRCs. ILSS properties increased (6% and 25%) for the 0.1 wt% and 1 wt% M-FRCs, respectively when compared to neat FRCs. The glass transition temperatures (T-g) of both M-FRC samples were 25 degrees C higher than the neat FRC. Coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE) of the M-FRC samples improved compared to the neat FRC. The improved T-g and CTE properties in the M-FRC samples are attributed to synergistic interactions between the CNF/PNC matrix and glass fibers. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.