Preparation, solubility, and electrorheological properties of carbon nanotubes/poly(methyl methacrylate) nanocomposites by in situ functionalization

Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) nanobeads-decorated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) nanocomposites were prepared using two processing steps. Initially, spherical PMMA nanoparticles were synthesized using an emulsion polymerization method. Afterward, the PMMA nanobeads were decorated to MWNTs and SWNTs using benzoyl peroxide as an initiator in water during a high temperature refluxing process. The results confirmed the linkage of the nanotubes to the surrounding PMMA nanobeads via a covalent bond. The resultant nanocomposites showed high solubility in chloroform without flocculation after 24 h. In addition, the nanotubes/PMMA nanocomposites were characterized by electrical resistance measurements to analyze their electrical conductivity and examined as electrotheological (ER) materials when dispersed in silicone oil. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.